Creep and Relaxation in Rubber Products at Elevated Temperatures

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Abstract
The studies reported of creep and relaxation at elevated temperatures suggest possible methods of evaluating deteriorative changes occurring in rubbers. Involving intermittent and continuous relaxation and creep measurements, the new methods seem to be readily amenable to molecular-structural interpretations. The practical value of these measurements, apart from their usefulness in fundamental scientific research, is apparent in cases where service deterioration occurs as a result of creep or relaxation. The usefulness and importance of these measurements of creep, relaxation, and modulus are not limited to the measurement of high-temperature oxidative deterioration in rubbers. The simple way in which they are related to molecular changes in the material being studied should make them very valuable in the study of physical changes in polymeric materials in general, such as cold flow of plastics, drift of rubbers, low-temperature stiffening, permanent set, etc.

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