Factors affecting immobilization and release of nitrogen in soil and chemical characteristics of the nitrogen newly immobilized

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Abstract
Usually, immobilization and release of nitrogen in soil are going on continuously and concurrently, whereby the nitrogen of the decomposing system is transformed steadily from inorganic to organic state by immobilization and back from organic to inorganic state by decay and mineralization. The driving agents of this turnover are soil microorganisms, C/N ratio, temperature, moisture, pH etc., and the energy needed to keep this cycle running derives from decomposable organic compounds added to soil in the forms of plant residues and excretions of roots and stored in the form of soil organic matter.