A Theoretical Study of the Evolution of Mixed-Phase Cumulus Clouds
Open Access
- 1 May 1977
- journal article
- Published by American Meteorological Society in Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences
- Vol. 34 (5) , 812-826
- https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0469(1977)034<0812:atsote>2.0.co;2
Abstract
A detailed warm and cold cloud microphysical description has been incorporated into a one-dimensional time-dependent, Eulerian cumulus cloud model. The relationship of the ice phase to the development of precipitation, and interactions between cloud microphysical processes and cloud dynamics, have been examined. Ice crystals in the form of plates, columns and dendrites have been allowed to interact among themselves and with water droplets to produce graupel, unrimed and rimed ice crystals and snowflakes. The effects of possible ice multiplication have been investigated by allowing ice splinters to be produced during riming and during the freezing of isolated drops. Comparative studies with shallow, nonprecipitating maritime and continental cumulus clouds showed the importance of the drop size distribution in determining the dominant mechanism for forming graupel embryos. In the maritime cloud, graupel embryos originated on frozen drops produced after collisions with ice crystals. In the continent... Abstract A detailed warm and cold cloud microphysical description has been incorporated into a one-dimensional time-dependent, Eulerian cumulus cloud model. The relationship of the ice phase to the development of precipitation, and interactions between cloud microphysical processes and cloud dynamics, have been examined. Ice crystals in the form of plates, columns and dendrites have been allowed to interact among themselves and with water droplets to produce graupel, unrimed and rimed ice crystals and snowflakes. The effects of possible ice multiplication have been investigated by allowing ice splinters to be produced during riming and during the freezing of isolated drops. Comparative studies with shallow, nonprecipitating maritime and continental cumulus clouds showed the importance of the drop size distribution in determining the dominant mechanism for forming graupel embryos. In the maritime cloud, graupel embryos originated on frozen drops produced after collisions with ice crystals. In the continent...Keywords
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