Biological response to chopped‐carbon‐fiber‐reinforced peek

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Abstract
Polymer composites are being recognized as important implant materials for fracture fixation plates. The use of a composite material is dependent upon the mechanical properties of the material and its biocompatibility. The primary objective of this project was to evaluate 30% chopped‐carbon‐fiber‐reinforced poly(etherether‐ ketone) (CFRPEEK) as a potential material for use as a fracture fixation plate. A two‐ phase study was conducted. The first phase analyzed the short‐term biocom‐patibility of CFRPEEK through rabbit muscle implant testing. CFRPEEK exhibited a nonspecific foreign body tissue reaction similar to the response observed with ultra‐high‐molecular‐weight polyethylene (UHMWPE). In the second phase, four‐hole CFRPEEK plates were implanted as internal fixation devices for transverse midshaft femoral osteotomies in beagles. The plates were effective in promoting fracture healing. A nonspecific foreign body reaction was observed to the plates and to particulate debris.