XPS surface and bulk studies of heat treated palladium in the presence of hydrogen at 150°C

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Abstract
Palladium metal powders used for hydrogen isotope pumping were studied for their bulk and surface chemistry changes during cleaning with hydrogen gas at 150°C. Cleaning is necessary to promote rapid hydriding and dehydriding and to prevent contaminant ingrowth in the process gas during use. These studies show that heating the powders in vacuum at moderate temperatures (150°C) in a reducing environment removes surface oxide, leaves a predominately palladium metal surface which presents no significant barrier to hydrogen absorption or desorption, and shows no loss in surface area and pourability. A surface model of PdO is given and XPS results show that the water‐forming reaction is the mode of PdO reduction. Thermodynamic data are discussed which support the above results.