Morphological and adhesive changes to cultured chick kidney cells following parasitization withEimeria tenella(Protozoa: Coccidia)

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Abstract
Cultured adult chick kidney (CK) cells inoculated with sporozoites of Eimeria tenella showed progressive alterations in their morphological and adhesive characteristics. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed that during a 3-day period following the inoculation of parasites there was a gradual loss of contact between the cells. Initially, the cells remained connected by long cytoplasmic bridges but with the breakdown of these, the cells began to round up, losing complete contact with each other and remaining attached to the substratum by means of retraction fibres. By 3 days many cells had completely detached. The factors inducing these alterations were transmissable via the medium as the alterations were mimicked by non-parasitized cells in co-culture with parasitized cells. Studies with the reflection interference microscope (RIM) showed that the changes were accompanied by an increase in the cell-substrate separation distance and the loss of focal contacts. These changes were not effected by substances transmissable via the medium. Parasitized cells showed enhanced agglutination with Concanavalin A (Con A) which could be eliminated by pre-fixation. The possibility that changes to the host cell indicate a rearrangement of cytoskeletal apparatus is discussed.