Health-system pharmacists' role in immunizing adults against pneumococcal disease and influenza

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Abstract
The role of pharmacists in immunizing adults against pneumococcal disease and influenza is discussed. Pneumococcal disease and influenza each cause up to 40,000 deaths annually in the United States. Vaccination against these diseases is encouraged for all people 65 years of age or older and for those with certain chronic diseases or immunosuppression. Influenza virus vaccine should also be given to residents of long-term-care facilities, many pregnant women, and health care workers. Pneumococcal vaccine is usually given once in a lifetime; influenza virus vaccine is given annually in the fall. Advocacy of immunization is consistent with the precepts of pharmaceutical care, and pharmacists can promote immunization by assuming the roles of educator, facilitator, and immunizer. Despite lack of specific mention of it in accreditation standards, health-system personnel have a duty to vaccinate adults, just as they do pediatric patients. Pharmacists should review immunization records with patients periodically and at the time of immunization. As with other drug products, formulary decisions and the distribution, storage, and handling of vaccines are important pharmacist responsibilities. Pharmacoeconomic studies have demonstrated the value of pneumococcal and influenza virus vaccines. Medicare covers these vaccines under Part B. Pharmacists have an important role to play in promoting adult immunizations against pneumococcal disease and influenza.

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