Growth, development and nutritional status in Japanese children under 2 years on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis

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Abstract
We examined the growth, development and nutritional status over a period of 10 years of 15 young children (<2 years old) on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD). There were 6 males and 9 females with a mean age of 12.5 months, mean weight of 6.3 kg, mean height of 66.2 cm at the start of CAPD and a mean duration of therapy of 2.6 years. Height, weight, head circumference, development quotient (DQ), blood chemistry and dietary intake were assessed over a period of 10 years. The patients' mean height standard deviation score (SDS) did not change significantly (from −2.51 to −2.74) during CAPD therapy. The mean growth velocity index (GVI) during CAPD was 76.5% and correlated positively with energy intake but not with protein intake. The mean DQ was low (67.0%) at the start of CAPD and 69.3% at the end of CAPD. DQ did not correlate with energy intake, GVI, head circumference SDS or with the weight/height ratio; however, 2 patients with low DO (<60%) had a low energy intakes. Although most patients had a low DQ, the IQ at 5–6 years of age was normal in all patients except 1 without cerebral disease. Our study showed minimal growth (ΔSDS) and mental developmental (IQ) delays during CAPD therapy, but an adequate nutritional intake must be assured to obtain the above results.