Estrogen-Progestogen Combinations for Contraception

Abstract
The growing acceptance of various steroid compounds as contraceptive agents has been attended by extensive controversy concerning both the immediate and delayed effects of these preparations. This communication aims to identify certain questions which merit consideration and to appraise the currently available data bearing on these problems. Such a discussion is imperative because of piecemeal and inadequate treatment of these matters in the lay and scientific press. Meanwhile, the distribution of steroid compounds as contraceptives has become an accepted function of numerous public health agencies despite the lack of appropriately designed epidemiologic studies concerning many of their important potential effects. The following problems are selected for discussion because they exemplify the unmet need for more comprehensive epidemiologic analysis: (1) Will the prolonged use of steroid contraceptives affect the incidence or the pathogenesis of such malignant tumors as cancer of the breast, endometrium, or cervix? (2) Do these substances increase the

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