Determination of the Fatigue Resistance of Rubber Parts under Cyclic Shear Stress in Relation to Their Shape and Energy

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Abstract
Rubber is used far less frequently in tension than in compression for spring suspensions and vibration isolation. But for particularly soft springs, it is used in shear. For example, the compression modulus (at a deformation of 10 per cent of the height of the specimen) of a rubber cylinder 25 mm. in diameter and 25 mm. high, of 60° Shore hardness, may be 45 kg. per sq. cm., while its shearing modulus is only 7 kg. per sq. cm. Thus one may obtain a 6.5 times softer spring suspension by a shear mounting for the same volume of rubber. The use of rubber shear suspensions is facilitated by rubber-metal bonds, the quality of which today can be safely controlled technically in rubber factories. Thus we find shear suspensions in rubber-cushioned railway cars and automobile and aircraft construction. The exact design of such spring suspensions still is handicapped by lack of precise data on their fatigue strength, which can be obtained from dynamic tests. Such information would also facilitate the study of new elastomers and their comparison with those currently in use.

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