Diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori

Abstract
Invasive tests are still used in most of the studies on Helicobacter pylori infection. Culture suffers from strict transportation requirements, but allows antimicrobial susceptibility testing and application of various typing methods, especially the newly introduced polymerase chain reaction-based techniques. Polymerase chain reaction can be applied to fixed biopsies, and allows the detection of gene expression in tissues, but may lead to false-positive results in some instances. Attempts to detect H. pylori in faecal specimens have been unconvincing. The two noninvasive tests currently used are the urea breath test and serology. Several studies have shown improvement in these tests.

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