The Effect of Heat-Treated Human Bone Morphogenetic Protein on Clinical Implantation

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Abstract
For the clinical usage of human-derived bones, it is necessary to treat bones to reduce the risk of contamination by microorganisms. Bone morphogenetic protein is vulnerable to chemicals, but shows resistance to thermal heat to 70° C in a short time. In this experiment, crude human bone morphogenetic protein was extracted from heat-treated bones at 60° C for 10 hours and from nonheated bones. Sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis for these specimens was done. Gelatin capsules containing 5 mg of crude human bone morphogenetic protein extracted from heated and nonheated bones were implanted into thigh muscle pouches of five mice. At 20 days after implantation, the heterotopic bone formation was compared by evaluating the radiographic and histologic analyses. The sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis pattern of the human bone morphogenetic proteins showed five main bands (16, 22, 28, 35, and 67 kDa) that were almost identical. Heterotopic bone formation observed on the radiograph was induced by crude human bone morphogenetic protein from heated bones in a manner similar to that used for nonheated bones. The results from this study show that heat-treated bone preserves osteoinduction.