With the rapid growth of the rayon industry a health hazard has reappeared—carbon disulfide poisoning. The United States is one of the largest rayon manufacturing countries in the world, having produced 290 million pounds in 1936. Of the twenty-five rayon factories with 50,000 employees now operating in this country, nineteen are viscose plants using carbon disulfide. For every 3 pounds of rayon produced, 1 pound of carbon disulfide must be used. In 1936 more than 33 million pounds of carbon disulfide was consumed by one large viscose corporation. Foreign journals contain reports of many hundred cases of poisoning from carbon disulfide in viscose and rubber plants, yet in our own country this form of poisoning has received little attention in medical journals. For some reason the subject has been shrouded in mystery and to our knowledge only five reports have been made by American authors: Peterson1in 1892, Heath