Abstract
Extreme morphological differences were found in the chromosome complements of 10 of the Old World species of Anchusa (2n=16, 24, and 32). Johnston''s recent restoration of Anchusa myosotidiflora and A. sempervirens to their previously described genera as Brunnera macrophylla (2n= 12) and Caryolopha sempervirens (2n = 22), respectively, is supported cytologically. It is suggested that the size differences observed here may be due to gene mutation. Allopolyploidy found in Anchusa is in agreement with taxonomic assumptions of reticular phylogenetic relationships and the distinct similarity of Gurke''s sections Buglossum and Euanchusa corroborates the action of taxonomists in combining them.

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