Refractive Indices and Dielectric Studies of Three Phenylcyclohexane Liquid Crystals in the Nematic Phase

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Abstract
The refractive indices ne, no and densities and the dielectric primittivities ε∥ and ε⊥ of three P-cyano-P-alkylcyclohexanes (PHC-3, PCH-5, PCH-7) have been measured at different temperatures. The order parameters calculated by using Neugebauer and Vuks' methods were comparable. A comparison of order parameters of the PCH with the corresponding alkylcyanobiphenyls at reduced temperatures τ (= T-TNI/TNI) shows that the replacement of a phenyl ring with a cyclohexyl ring decreases the order parameter appreciably. The experimental values of dielectric permittivities ε⊥ in each of the PCHs are found to be less than half of the ε⊥-value calculated from Maier and Meier equations using the polarizability and the order parameter obtained from refactive index measurements. This was explained as due to short range antiparallel ordering of strongly polar molecules in the nematic phase, as proposed by Chandrasekhar and Madhusudan, which was not taken into consideration in Maier and Meiers' theory