Design formulas for biquad active filters using three operational amplifiers

1 May 1973

journal article
Published by Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) in Proceedings of the IEEE

Vol. 61 (5) , 662-663
https://doi.org/10.1109/PROC.1973.9124

Abstract

A circuit configuration and its design formulas are presented for the realization of all the useful forms of a biquadratic voltage transfer function. The circuit employs three single-ended operational amplifiers, two capacitors, and at most eight resistors. With an additional resistor, it can realize any biquadratic voltage transfer function.

Keywords

ACTIVE FILTERS
OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIERS
CIRCUITS
TRANSFER FUNCTIONS
VOLTAGE
RESISTORS
POLES AND ZEROS
CAPACITORS
FILTERING THEORY
FREQUENCY