Absorbed Radiation Dose in Mammography

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Abstract
Radiation dose from mammographic techniques used in cancer diagnosis was determined as a function of surface exposure, beam quality and depth. Relative exposure vs. depth was measured in tissue-substitute materials by thermoluminescent dosimetry. The f-factors [rad/r] were calculated from elemental compositions of [human] mastectomy specimens. Dose at depth depends on beam quality as well as exposure and tissue composition. Analysis of data from the ACS/NCI [American Cancer Society/National Cancer Institute] Screening Centers shows current average midbreast doses to be 25 times lower (film/screen) and 3 times lower (Xerox) than the 2 rad previously estimated. Quantitative risk indicators other than midbreast dose are also discussed.

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