Phytostanol tablets reduce human LDL-cholesterol

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Abstract
The feasibility of using solid dosage forms containing stanol lecithin to lower human LDL-cholesterol was investigated. The particle size distribution of a coarse aqueous dispersion of a stanol lecithin mixture was determined at various weight ratios of the components. At a stanol-to-lecithin weight ratio of 1.00–1.50, dispersions could be spray dried and the solid reconstituted with water to produce a particle size distribution that was similar to that of the aqueous dispersion from which it was derived. Two solid dosage forms containing this spray-dried stanol lecithin preparation had different disintegration times — tablets less than 10 min and capsules greater than 45 min. Each delivery system was then tested for LDL-cholesterol reduction activity in a placebo-controlled, double-blind clinical trial containing a total of 52 subjects. After a six-week treatment period, the group that received rapidly disintegrating stanol lecithin tablets (1.26g stanols daily) experienced a decrease in both LDL-cholesterol and the ratio of LDL-cholesterol to HDL-cholesterol by 10.4% (P=0.01) and 11.5% (P=0.03), respectively, relative to placebo. On the other hand, with slowly disintegrating capsules (1.01 g daily) there was no statistically significant difference in any lipid parameter between the active group and placebo group. Taken together, these studies demonstrate that for maximum LDL-cholesterol reduction activity the stanol lecithin formulation must be delivered in a rapidly dispersible form to reach the site of cholesterol absorption.

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