T‐Lymphocyte Subsets and HLA‐DR‐Expressing Cells in Rejected Human Kidney Grafts

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Abstract
An immunohistochemical analysis of rejected human renal allografts is described. T lymphocyte subsets were identified in frozen tissue sections, by Leu 1 (anti-pan T lymphocytes), Leu 2a (anti-cytotoxic/suppressor T cells), and Leu 3a (anti-helper/inducer T cells) monoclonal antibodies. HLA-DR-positive cells were identified by simultaneous labeling with heterologous anti-HLA-DR antibodies. T cells dominated the cellular infiltrates in acute cellular rejection. Leu-3a-positive cells were more numerous than Leu-2a-positive cells. The Leu-3a-positive cells usually appeared in clusters, whereas the Leu-2a-positive cells appeared scattered in the tissue. HLA-DR-positive non-T cells were found within clusters of T helper/inducer cells. The cell pattern shares many features with the findings in delayed-type hypersensitivity reactions.