Source–sink flows in a rotating annulus: a combined laboratory and numerical study

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Abstract
A general characteristic of rapidly rotating fluids is that accurate experimental measurements can only be made of the main (azimuthal) flow. The secondary flow is then usually deduced from theory, although this is often incomplete in the boundary regions where the secondary flow is of most interest. In this paper we consider the case of source-sink flow between the porous walls of a rapidly rotating annular container and numerically integrate the full equations of motion in order to determine the complete structure of the secondary flow. The results are compared with the (approximate) analytic studies of Hide (1968) and Bennetts & Hocking (1973) to show the differences between the two approaches. A defect of many previous numerical papers has been the inability to check the solution in the nonlinear case. To overcome this, new experimental measurements of the azimuthal velocity profile for a Rossby number of 0·238 have been obtained and these are compared with the numerical results.

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