Health and the Urban Environment

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Abstract
Familial spread was measured longitudinally in a family population and compared to that in similar familial studies. Despite major differences in methods, the studies showed similar results. Major differences in attack rates were found by age of introducer, age of secondary case, and family composition. Although upper respiratory infections were ubiquitous, familial spread did not appear to be large. The important determinants of familial spread in this study, as in other studies, appeared to be the age of the index case, severity of the illness, the number of other family members and their ages. Family size, by itself, was not a major determinant. For acute illnesses, the family remained the largest source of spread.

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