SULFUR, PHOSPHORUS, AND MOLYBDENUM INTERACTIONS IN RELATION TO GROWTH, UPTAKE, AND UTILIZATION OF SULFUR IN SOYBEAN

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Abstract
The effect of S, P and Mo on the growth, uptake (milligrams/pot) and utilization (percentage in plant of added S) of S was studied in the greenhouse on a light-textured soil deficient in S and P, at Haryana Agricultural University, Hissar, India. The S was applied at 0, 40, 80 and 120 ppm; the P was applied at 0, 40 and 80 ppm, and Mo was applied at 0 and 1 ppm. The addition of S to soil up to 80 ppm increased growth and grain yield of soybean; higher applications (120 ppm) significantly decreased the yield. The response to P was also observed up to 80 ppm, and the highest grain yield was obtained with the application of 80 ppm S and 80 ppm P. There was no response in grain yield to Mo. The uptake of total and fertilizer S by soybean plants increased significantly with increases in added S and P to the soil. Total and fertilizer sulfur concentration (ppm) and uptake (mg/pot) indicated a strong synergistic relationship between P and S in plants. The addition of Mo in the absence of P decreased the concentration and uptake of S, showing an antagonistic relationship with S. When P was applied, the antagonistic effect of Mo was overcome. The percentage utilization of S decreased from 6.9 to 3.9 at 45 days and from 14.1 to 7.5 at 110 days with the 40 and 120 ppm S levels, respectively. The application of P helped in the utilization of added and native soil S, but Mo appeared to depress S utilization. At maturity, grain and leaves had the highest amount of S, and stems had the lowest. Fruiting parts, i.e., pod husks and grain, contained between 47 and 54% of fertilizer S.

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