Resistance to the Antibiotics Viomycin and Capreomycin in the Streptomyces Species Which Produce Them

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Abstract
Viomycin and capreomycin, antibiotics produced by S. vinaceus and S. capreolus, respectively, are potent inhibitors of bacterial protein synthesis. Although these organisms are highly tolerant of their own products in vivo, their ribosomes are fully sensitive to the action of the drugs in vitro. They possess novel, antibiotic-inactivating enzymes (viomycin phosphotransferase, capreomycin phosphotransferase, capreomycin acetyltransferase) which, in addition to possible biosynthetic roles, may contribute to the resistances observed in vivo.