Regular Aerobic Exercise Augments Endothelium-Dependent Vascular Relaxation in Normotensive As Well As Hypertensive Subjects

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Abstract
Background—Several nonpharmacological interventions, including exercise, are recommended in primary prevention of hypertension and other cardiovascular diseases in which the pathogenetic role of endothelial dysfunction has been suggested. We studied the effects of long-term aerobic exercise on endothelial function in patients with essential hypertension. Methods and Results—The forearm blood flow was measured by strain-gauge plethysmography. The responses of forearm vasculature to acetylcholine were smaller in the hypertensive patients than in the normotensive subjects. There was no significant difference in forearm vascular responses to isosorbide dinitrate in the normotensive and hypertensive subjects. We evaluated the effects of physical exercise for 12 weeks on forearm hemodynamics in untreated patients with mild essential hypertension who were divided randomly into an exercise group (n=10) and a control group (n=7). After 12 weeks, the forearm blood flow response to acetylcholine increased significan...