Throughfall Measurements of Nitrogen and Sulphur Compounds

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Abstract
The wet- and throughfall deposition of nitrogen and sulphur compounds to a spruce forest edge in Sweden was studied using preserved as well as unpreserved collectors. During the warmer part of the year inorganic nitrogen was lost in unpreserved throughfall collectors, if they were not shielded from light. Several days of light exposure was needed to transform most of the ammonium, most likely to an organic form. The rate was enhanced by the addition of glucose. High throughfall deposition of organic nitrogen has been found using preserved collectors. The origin of this organic nitrogen in throughfall is not clear, but it seems likely that it comes from transformation of wet and dry deposited ammonium. Rough estimates of the dry deposition were made from air concentration measurements inside and outside the forest. The dry deposition of SO2, HNO3 and NH3 was more significant than their particulate forms.