Instabilities in external cavity injection lasers due to resonant self-pulsing

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Abstract
Instabilities in self-pulsing semiconductor diode lasers in a long external ring cavity are reported. The frequency of the self-pulsations increases in discrete steps with the injection current and the light-current characteristic displays kinks at these steps. The observed frequencies are multiples of the external cavity resonance and the laser output is unstable when biased at currents corresponding to these kinks. Similar observations have been made in various cavities and other laser diodes.