Chemotaxonomic investigations on the Dryopteris cristata complex in North America

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Abstract
A chromatographic analysis of the phloroglucinol derivatives of 136 collections of D. ludoviciana (Kunze) Small (2x), D. goldiana (Hook.) A. Gray (2x), D. cristata (L.) A. Gray (4x), D. celsa (Palmer) Small (4x), D. clintoniana (D. C. Eaton) Dowell (6x), and six of their hybrids is presented. The phloroglucinol derivatives in these taxa exist as complicated mixtures of butyryl (B), propionyl, (P), and acetyl (A) homologs. Each taxon seems to contain different percentages of homologs. Albaspidin PA (I) and flavaspidic acid AB (IV) have been isolated from Dryopteris for the first time. Cytological results suggest that D. celsa and D. cristata are allotetraploid species derived from D. ludoviciana and D. goldiana; and D. ludoviciana and an unknown diploid, respectively; whereas D. clintoniana is an allohexaploid derived from D. goldiana and D. cristata. The chromatographic results support these interpretations. Phloroglucinol compounds that are found in the parent species also occur in their interspecific hybrids.

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