Increased risk for CNS relapse in pre-B cell leukemia with the t(1;19)/TCF3-PBX1

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Abstract
To evaluate the impact of contemporary therapy on the clinical outcome of children with pre-B acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and the t(1;19)/TCF3/PBX1, we analyzed 735 patients with B-cell precursor ALL treated in four successive protocols at St Jude Children's Research Hospital. The 41 patients with the t(1;19) had a comparable event-free survival to that of the 694 patients with other B-cell precursor ALL (P=0.63; 84.2±7.1% (s.e.) vs 84.0±1.8% at 5 years). However, patients with the t(1;19) had a lower cumulative incidence of any hematological relapse (P=0.06; 0 vs 8.3±1.2% at 5 years) but a significantly higher incidence of central nervous system (CNS) relapse (PTCF3/PBX1 fusion have a favorable overall outcome but increased risk of CNS relapse.