Resection or palliation: Priority of surgery in the treatment of hilar cancer

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Abstract
During the past 25 years, 213 patients with hilar cancer have been treated in this unit. One hundred seventy‐eight patients had some form of surgical intervention and 35 were unfit for any surgery. The preoperative and peroperative assessment of the 178 patients having surgery was directed toward identifying tumors which might be suitable for potentially curative resection. On this basis, 18 patients (10.1%) had tumor resection and the remaining 160 patients had a palliative procedure. When possible, some form of surgical bypass procedure was performed to achieve palliation (96 patients) but when this was either impossible or contraindicated, an intubation and drainage procedure was performed (64 patients). There was no operative mortality among the 18 patients having surgical resection (10 having local resection and 8 having hepatic resection). There was a complete disappearance of jaundice in all patients and the mean survival was 53 months with a mean duration of well‐being of 39 months. Among the 96 patients having surgical bypass, the operative mortality rate was 7%, and 20% of these patients had a postoperative complication. There was a complete relief of jaundice in more than 75% of these patients. The average survival time was 9 months with a duration of well‐being of 8 months. Among the 64 patients having intubation and drainage, the operative mortality rate was 30%, and 26% of these patients had postoperative complications. Less than half of these patients experienced a complete relief of jaundice. Although the average survival time was 7 months, the duration of well‐being was usually only 2–4 months. We conclude that surgical resection offers the best possibility of prolonged survival and the best quality of life for suitable patients with hilar cancer. The majority of patients are, however, suitable only for a palliative procedure and the best palliation is achieved by a surgical bypass procedure.