Influence of cellobiose on the colonial morphology and glycosidases of several fungi

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Abstract
Several fungi were screened for biochemical and morphological responses to cellobiose, glucose, and maltose. All of the fungi contained an enzyme(s) capable of hydrolyzing an alkali-insoluble cell wall component from their respective hyphae. These enzymes as well as α- and β-glycosidases and N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidases were subject to regulation by carbohydrates in the medium. Cellobiose induced gross and microscopic morphological changes in the basidiomycetes but not in the ascomycetes or phycomycetes. Cellobiose also increased the specific activity of the wall-hydrolyzing enzymes in the basidiomycetes. The relationships between the carbon source, wall-hydrolyzing enzymes, and morphological responses are discussed.

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