Mémoires inédits ou anonymes de Laplace sur la théorie des erreurs, les polynômes de Legendre et la philosophie des probabilités

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Abstract
SUMMARY. — It seems possible that the documents published here comprise the only significant writings of Laplace that have remained unpublished or unidentified. The first consists of a memoir read to the Academy of Sciences in 1777 applying inverse probability to the determination of a mean value among a series of observations. The second is a reprint of 1783 that illuminates the relations between Laplace and Legendre in the Theory of spheroidal attraction and in the expressions now called Legendre Polynomials. The third (1810) is an early version of the opening part of the Essai philosophique sur les probabilités. It exhibits the importance of error theory and of actuarial problems in the genesis of the Théorie analytique des probabilités.

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