On the Estimation of the Second-Order Statistics of Log Normal Fading in Mobile Radio Environment

Abstract
It is observed that the estimation of mean signal strength in the mobile radio environment has inherent uncertainties. These may not influence the observed distribution of the mean signal strength but would certainly mask efforts to obtain level crossing rates and duration of fades. A new parameter, duration of stay, is defined which appears to be insensitive to the granular variations of the mean signal strength and would be helpful in the determination of the switching rate in a base station diversity system.