Genotoxicity of m‐phenylenediamine and 2‐aminofluorene in Salmonella typhimurium and human lymphocytes with and without plant activation
- 1 January 1995
- journal article
- research article
- Published by Wiley in Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis
- Vol. 26 (2) , 171-177
- https://doi.org/10.1002/em.2850260211
Abstract
The promutagenic arylamines, m‐phenylenediamine (mPDA) and 2‐aminofluorene (2‐AF), were evaluated for their genotoxicity in Salmonella typhimurium strain YG 1024 and in human lymphocytes. These agents were assayed with and without TX1MX plant activation mix. Both arylamines without activation were refractory in S. typhimurium, demonstrating that plant activation was required for the generation of their ultimate mutagenic metabolites. However, using the alkaline single‐cell gel/ Comet assay, both mPDA and 2‐AF directly induced DNA damage in human lymphocytes. This effect was reduced when the human cells were treated with the arylamine plus TXIMX. mPDA with or without plant activation was not toxic to the exposed cells. However, at concentrations over 80 μM, 2‐AF was toxic to lymphocytes. This toxic response was eliminated by incubation with TX1MX. mPDA and 2‐AF were plant‐activated into mutagens for S. typhimurium. However, these plant‐activated products had a reduced genotoxic potency in human lymphocytes.Keywords
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