The Behavior of Flash-Illuminated Rhodopsin in Solution

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Abstract
Within the last 20 years, some aspects of the biochemistry of the visual pigments which bear directly on the visual process have become rather completely known. Especially significant have been the description of the bleaching process, the discovery of the chemical nature of retinene and its relationship to Vitamin A, and the elucidation of the conditions necessary for regeneration, including isomer specificity. As far as visual excitation is concerned, however, it is probably bleaching rather than resynthesis which is important. Studies on the chemistry of bleaching have always been handicapped by the slowness of techniques for recording absorption changes, and by the fact that prolonged bleaches have usually been necessary. Attempts to circumvent the former difficulty have been made by investigating bleaching with pigments in the dry state, or at extremely low temperatures; and though these experiments have yielded some interesting information, they involved conditions which are not physiological. In

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