An apparatus for high pressure Raman spectroscopy

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Abstract
This paper describes an apparatus that can be used to study the Raman and fluorescence spectra of liquids and solids up to pressures above 80 kilobar and in the temperature range between about 100 and 500 K. Basically, the pressure is produced by two opposed Bridgman anvils, whereby at least one anvil is made out of transparent sapphire material. This allows back scattered Raman measurements from a sample which is in the same environment as a small ruby crystal. The fluorescence lines of the ruby crystal at 14432 and 14404 cm−1 are frequency shifted by pressure and temperature and this effect is used to accurately measure the pressure in the cell. Raman spectra of water in the liquid, ice VI, VII, and VIII phases are given here to illustrate the capability of this apparatus.