Generalized shifts: unpredictability and undecidability in dynamical systems
- 1 May 1991
- journal article
- Published by IOP Publishing in Nonlinearity
- Vol. 4 (2) , 199-230
- https://doi.org/10.1088/0951-7715/4/2/002
Abstract
A class of shift-like dynamical systems is presented that displays a wide variety of behaviours. Three examples are presented along with some general definitions and results. A correspondence with Turing machines allows one to discuss issues of predictability and complexity. These systems possess a type of unpredictability qualitatively stronger than that which has been previously discussed in the study of low-dimensional chaos, and many simple questions about their dynamics are undecidable. The author discusses the complexity of various sets they generate, including periodic points, basins of attraction, and time series. Finally, he shows that they can be embedded in smooth maps in R2, or smooth flows in R3.Keywords
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