Field Trial of Typhoid Vaccines

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Abstract
A strictly controlled field trial was carried out by Yugoslav Typhoid Commission in the town of Osijek and its surroundings on 35,008 volunteers of a population of over 100,000. Three vaccines were used: alcohol-killed and preserved vaccine; heat-killed, phenol-preserved vaccine; and a control vaccine made from Shigelda flexner II, heat-killed and phenol-preserved. Three equal groups were formed at random. The primary course of treatment given in the spring 1954 consisted of 2 injections 3 weeks apart followed a year later by a booster dose. Only cases proved oy positive blood cultures were considered typhoid. There were altogether 63 proved cases: 23 in the alcohol-vaccine group, 9 in the phenol and 31 in the control group. Protection afforded by phenol vaccine is significant. However, it was not possible to establish a correlation between results of various laboratory tests in animals and those on men. The value of controlled field trials in the study of these and similar problems is stressed.

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