Matrix metalloproteinases 1 and 3, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 and the complex of metalloproteinase-1/tissue inhibitor in plasma of patients with prostate cancer

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Abstract
We analyzed blood plasma concentrations of matrix metalloproteinase‐1 and ‐3 (MMP‐1; MMP‐3), the tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase‐1 (TIMP‐1) and the complex MMP‐1/TIMP‐1, and looked for any correlation with prostate cancer stage. These components were measured by ELISA tests specific for these proteins in healthy male controls (n = 35), and in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH; n = 29), with prostate cancer (PCa) without metastasis (T2,3pN0M0; n = 29) and with PCa with metastatic disease (T2,3,4pN1,2M1; n = 18). Mean values of MMP‐1 and of the complex MMP‐1/TIMP‐1 were not different among the 4 groups studied. The mean MMP‐3 and especially TIMP‐1 concentrations were significantly higher in PCa patients with metastases compared with controls, BPH and PCa patients without metastases. Ten of these 18 patients had TIMP‐1 concentrations higher than the upper reference limit. TIMP‐1 concentrations were correlated with staging but not with grading. Our results point towards plasma TIMP‐1 concentration as a potential marker of malignant progression of PCa. Int. J. Cancer 74:220‐223, 1997. © 1997 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.

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