Piezoelectrically-induced switching of 90° domains in tetragonal BaTiO3 and PbTiO3 investigated by micro-Raman spectroscopy

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Abstract
Domain switching of 90° ferroelectric domains in tetragonal BaTiO3 and PbTiO3 is induced by the application of stress along specific crystallographic axes. For BaTiO3, single‐domain crystals are obtained from twinned specimens by the application of ∼1.1 MPa of stress parallel to the a axis and twin boundaries are induced by application of ∼0.22 MPa of stress parallel to the c axis. Similar piezoelectrically‐induced domain switching was observed in PbTiO3 at elevated temperature. We observed the rotation of the crystallographic axes associated with domain switching via micro‐Raman spectroscopy. These results were consistent with optical microscope images of the domain switching which demonstrates the usefulness of micro‐Raman spectroscopy for the study of ferroelectric domain structures. A phenomenological treatment of domain switching in a piezoelectrically‐coupled system is described.