The Effects of Organic Amendments on the Restoration of a Disturbed Coastal Sage Scrub Habitat

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Abstract
The effectiveness of organic mulch as a simple means of enhancing the restoration of disturbed lands by providing a competitive edge to native perennials, such asArtemisia californica(California sagebrush), over exotic annuals, such asAvena fatua(wild oat), was studied by investigating the effect of organic amendments on microbial activity and nitrogen immobilization through both soil analysis and aboveground plant growth. The addition of organic amendment resulted in an increase in microbial activity, a parallel increase in nitrogen immobilization, and no significant differences in total soil nitrogen. It is likely that nitrogen was gradually being removed from its more available form of nitrate and being immobilized in the tissues of the increasing microbial biomass. The survival rate of planted native perennial seedlings ofA. californicain organic amended plots was almost double that of control‐plot seedlings, and plant volume was significantly higher. When the availability of nitrogen was reduced through increased immobilization, amended plots established an environment more conducive to native perennial shrubs, allowing them to outcompete exotic annuals for water and nutrients. This simple procedure could have major implications for enhancing the restoration of disturbed lands.