An integrating microdensitometer for biological cells

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Abstract
A photoelectric method for the rapid determination of the total absorption of biological cells is described. The image of the cell, formed by a microscope, is scanned by a mechanically-driven aperture behind which is mounted a photomultiplier. A logarithmic circuit is used in conjunction with an electric integrator giving a meter reading linearly related to the total absorption. The scanning time is 3 seconds and it is possible to measure at least forty cells per hour. The mean random error is not more than 2% for most objects studied, and the error due to inhomogeneous distribution in one plane is negligible. Systematic error due to glare and other optical effects is of the order of 2%.

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