Influence of Pentobarbital and Chloralose Anesthesia on Quinidine-Induced Effects on Atrial Refractoriness and Heart Rate in the Dog

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Abstract
The effects of pentobarbital and chloralose on the atrial effective refractory period (AERP), atrial and ventricular rates, and mean blood pressure and also on the effects of quinidine on the same parameters were investigated in dogs with chronic atrioventricular block and implanted atrial pacing electrodes. Pentobarbital (30 mg/kg) increased the AERP by up to 12%, atrial and ventricular rates by 39 and 40%, respectively, and after initial lowering (48%) it increased the mean blood pressure (46%). Chloralose (100 mg/kg) increased the AERP (less than 30 min) by up to 7%, the atrial rate by 49%, the ventricular rate (less than 5 min) by 18%, and the mean blood pressure by 47%. In conscious dogs, quinidine at cumulative doses of 2, 4, and 8 mg/kg, i.e., at plasma levels between 2.7 +/- 0.6 and 6.3 +/- 1.3 micrograms/ml, increased the AERP by up to 21, 28, and 46%, the atrial rate by 49, 65, and 72%, and the ventricular rate (less than or equal to 5 min) by 17, 14, and 14%, and lowered the mean blood pressure by 19, 33, and 43%, respectively. Pentobarbital increased the quinidine-induced lengthening of the AERP by up to 10, 21, and 25 ms, respectively, and reduced the corresponding atrial (38, 53, and 67 beats/min) and ventricular (4, 4, and 5 beats/min) chronotropic effects. In contrast, chloralose reduced the quinidine-induced lengthening of the AERP (5, 12, and 22 ms, respectively), but did not modify the corresponding atrial and ventricular chronotropic effects. Neither pentobarbital nor chloralose altered quinidine plasma levels or the hypotensive effects of this drug.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

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