Responses of the L5178Y mouse lymphoma forward mutation assay: V. Gases and vapors

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Abstract
A new protocol for testing vapors and gases in the L5178Y mouse lymphoma assay is presented. Four chemicals, propylene, 1,2‐propylene oxide, 1,3‐butadiene, and vinylidene chloride, were tested for their mutagenic potential. Cultures were exposed to the chemicals, which were delivered as vapors or gases, for 4 hr, then cultured for 2 days before plating in soft agar with or without trifluorothymidine (TFT), 3 μg/ml. Each chemical was tested at least twice. Significant responses were obtained with 1,2‐propylene oxide and vinylidene chloride, but neither cytotoxicity nor mutagenicity was induced by 1,3‐butadiene; propylene could not be classified as either mutagenic or non‐mutagenic in the assay. Rat liver S9 mix was not a requirement for the mutagenic activity of 1,2‐propylene oxide, whereas the liver preparation markedly enhanced both the cytotoxicity and mutagenicity of vinylidene chloride.