CX. Remarks on the two-fluid model of Helium II

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Abstract
In §1 it is shown that Goiter's assumption that the forces acting on the normal and superfluid are equal and opposite is true only if there is no entropy of mixing : § 2 shows that his derivation of the fountain effect pressure assumes also that entropy is proportional to concentration. In §3 we point out an additional assumption implicitly made by Gorter, Tisza, and by Nakajima and co-workers—that effective mass is proportional to concentration. §4 is devoted to a proof that whatever the energy spectrum the entire entropy and internal energy and all the excited atoms (or excitations) follow the motion of the tube in which they are contained ; this is not in agreement with Temperley's suggestion that other states besides the very lowest one contribute to the superfluid density. In §5 we calculate the extra terms arising from the creation of new phonons during the motion of the normal fluid. The status of the relation ρn ∝ S in the two-fluid theory is discussed in § 6. The next section is concerned with the theoretical condition determining the lambda-point, and §8 with the expected differences in behaviour of He4and He3.

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