Implant Arthroplasty of the Scapho-Trapezial Joint

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Abstract
Degenerative changes in the scapho-trapezial-trapezoidal (ST) joint may occur as an isolated process or more frequently as a dominant part of pantrapezial degenerative joint affections. Results of surgery on 24 human hands with isolated degenerative changes in the ST joint were assessed. Arthrodesis was previously the sole procedure. It resulted in normal hand function in those cases where bony union was achieved without complications. The ST joint is difficult to fuse and prolonged immobilization implies obvious risks of rigidity and impaired hand function. A new technique for implant arthroplasty of the ST joint was tried. The distal articular surface of the scaphoid was resected and replaced with a heat-molded silicone rubber implant. The method is presented and anatomical and technical points and pitfalls are discussed. Implant arthroplasty may become a useful method for treatment of isolated ST arthrosis provided that the implant material will tolerate the compressive stress created during pinch.

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