Incidence of Reinfections with Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae and Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniaein Pig Farms Located in Respiratory-Disease-Free Regions of Switzerland – Identification and Quantification of Risk Factors
Open Access
- 30 September 2002
- journal article
- research article
- Published by Springer Nature in Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica
- Vol. 43 (3) , 145-156
- https://doi.org/10.1186/1751-0147-43-145
Abstract
The objective of the study was to identify risk factors for reintroduction of Actinobacillus pleuopneumoniae and Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae (enzootic pneumonia) onto pig farms in areas in Switzerland that were involved in an eradication programme from 1996 to 1999 and to assess the role of dealers in relation to these reinfections. The study was based on the comparison of pig farms that were reinfected in the year 2000 (cases) and pig farms that remained uninfected in the same area (controls). Additionally, data were collected from Swiss pig dealers and transport companies. Out of a total of 3983 farms, 107 farms were reinfected in the year 2000. The incidences were 0.1% for Actinobacillus pleuopneumoniae and 2.6% for Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae (enzootic pneumonia). Compared to reinfection rates prior to the eradication programme, this is a considerable reduction. Statistically significant risk factors for the reinfection were 'finishing farm', 'large mixed breeding-finishing farm', 'reinfected neighbour' and 'parking site for pig transport vehicles close to the farm'. Pig farmers that purchased pigs from only one supplier per batch had a lower risk of reintroducing infection (protective factor). As long as infected and uninfected regions co-exist in Switzerland, direct and indirect contact between farms, pig herds and slaughter sites via transport vehicles are a major pathway of disease spread. Risk management measures linked to these contacts are therefore of key importance. The survey of dealers indicated various areas for improvement such as strategic planning of pick-up routes or cleaning and disinfecting of trucks. Incidensen af reinfektioner med Mycoplasma hyopneumoniaeog Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae i svinebesætninger beliggende i områder af Schweitzfri for respirationsvejssygdomme - identifikation og kvantificering af risiko-faktorer. Formålet med studiet var at identificere risikofaktorer for reinfektion med Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae og Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae (enzootiskpneumoni) i områder af Schweiz, der var del i et sa-nerings-program i perioden 1996 til 1999, og at estimere omsætteres rolle i forbindelse med disse reinfektioner.Undersøgelsen var baseret på sammenligning af besætninger, der var reinficeret i år 2000(cases) og svinebesætninger, der forblev ikke inficeret (kontroller) i samme område. Desuden blev der indsamlet data fra schweiziske omsættere af svin og transportører. Af i alt 3983 besætninger blev 107 besætninger reinficeret i år 2000. Incidensen var 0,1% for Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae og 2,6% for Mycoplasmahyopneumoniae (enzootisk pneumoni). Sammenlignet med reinfektionsraterne før saneringen er dette en betydelig reduktion. Statistisk signifikante risikofaktorerfor reinfektion var "slagtesvinebesætning" "stor so og slagtesvinebesætning", "reinficeret nabo" og "parkering af transportvogne til svin tæt ved besætningen".Svinebesætninger, der indkøbte svin fra én besætning pr. hold havde en lavere risiko for at introducere infektion (beskyttende faktor). Så længe inficerede og ikke-inficerede områder findes side om side i Schweiz vil direkte og indirekte kontakt mellembesætninger og mellem svinebesætninger og slagtesteder via transportvogne være en vigtig kilde til spredning af sygdom. Håndtering af risici, der er forbundet med disse kontakttyper, er derfor særdeles vigtigt. Undersøgelsen blandt omsættere indikeredeforskellige områder, som kunne forbedres, så som strategisk planlægning af kørsels-ruter og desinfektion af transportvogne.Keywords
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