Treating Sepsis

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Abstract
Sepsis, a leading cause of death in the United States, is now viewed physiologically as a proinflammatory and procoagulant response to invading pathogens. There are three recognized stages in the hierarchy of the inflammatory response, with progressively increased risk of end-organ failure and death: sepsis, severe sepsis, and septic shock. Patients with infection plus two or more elements of the systemic inflammatory response syndrome meet the criteria for sepsis; those who also have end-organ failure are considered to have severe sepsis; and those who also have refractory hypotension are considered to be in septic shock (see Figure). Because the crude . . .

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