Observation of Surface States on Ag(100) by Infrared and Visible Electroreflectance Spectroscopy

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Abstract
By use of the new technique of electroreflectance in the infrared frequency range, a low-lying unoccupied surface state on the (100) single-crystal surface of Ag has been detected. Another absorption feature, due to excitation into a higher surface state, has been seen around 3.1 eV. The positions of the two surface states are in good agreement with the calculated values. A study of the Stark shift of these states has revealed that the electric field near the metal surface has a much more complex structure than hitherto recognized.