A Kinematic Analysis of 800-Meter Wheelchair-Racing Techniques

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Abstract
The purpose of this study was to identify factors affecting efficiency of wheelchair propulsion by male subjects in the 800-m racing event. High-speed films were taken of finalists (n=31) at the 1986 National Wheelchair Track and Field Championships. Kinematic data were calculated on the head, trunk, upper arm, elbow, and thigh in addition to cycle velocity (wheelchair velocity), cycle duration, cycle rate, cycle distance, and percentage of propulsion and recovery. In general, fastest cycle velocities, rates, and greatest distances occurred in the higher classes. During propulsion, head movement was greatest in Classes II/III (13.9°) and trunk movement was greatest in Classes IV/V (7.8°). Additionally, the higher classes exhibited greater movement at the shoulder and elbow than did Classes IA/IB. The thighs were closest to the trunk in Classes IA/IB and were farthest from the trunk in Classes IV/V. Movement of the trunk and head, as well as positioning of the thighs during wheelchair racing, may help in propulsion and with aerodynamics.

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