Studies on the in vitro and in vivo Chemotherapeutic Properties of the Antibiotic Myxin

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Abstract
Myxin (6-methoxy-l-phenazinol 5,10-dioxide) is an antibiotic that displays a broad in vitro spectrum including activity against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, Myco-bacterium tuberculosis, Mycoplasma gallinarum, Candida albicans, filamentous fungi, including dermatophytes, helminths and protozoa. The antimicrobial effect was bactericidal in nature against certain gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. The in vitro antibacterial effect could be partially overcome by the addition of cysteine or sodium thioglycollate to the growth medium. Myxin was cytotoxic for monkey kidney cells. Myxin was not absorbed when administered by the oral or subcutaneous routes to mice. The substance was active when administered intraperitoneally to mice infected systemically with Streptococcus pyogenes, Diplococcus pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Neisseria meningitidis as well as against mice implanted with sarcoma 180 but was without effect when tested by this same route against fungi, viruses and Ehrlich carcinoma. When tested for local chemotherapeutic effects against subcutaneous bacterial infections, myxin exerted marked activity against S. pyogenes, S. aureus and Proteus vulgaris, moderate activity against E. coli and a slight effect in the case of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The antibiotic also exerted a marked effect against the subcutaneous Trichomonas vaginal is infection of mice when administered by infiltration as well as a slight effect against the subcutaneous C. albicans infection in a similar experimental model. Myxin showed on oral administration slight to moderate anthelmintic activity against Syphacia obvelata and Hymenolepis nana.

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